Cut-out



(No Model.) V 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

` H. LEMP.

GUT-OUT.

110,463,213. Patented Nov. 17, 1891.

2 sheets-sheet 2. H. LEM?.

GUT'OUT (No Model.)

110.463,213. Patented Nov. 17,1891.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HERMANN LEMROF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE SCIIUYLER ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF CONNECTICUT.

CUT-our'.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 463,213, dated November 1'7, 1891.,

Application filed J'une 2l, 1887. Serial No. 241,997. (No model.)

To a/ZZ whom t may concern: or bulb of a lamp which is Wholly or substan- Be it known that I, HERMANN LEMP, a cititially exhausted of air, so that upon the adzen of the United States, and a resident of mission of air thereto or the generation of a Hartford,in the county of Hartford and State gas therein the tension within such globe is 55 5 of Connecticut, have invented a certain new increased. 'The manometric circuit-closer is 'and useful Improved Cut-Out,of which the folconstructed as follows: lowing is a speciiicat-ion. B is a bent glassl tube communicating at Myinvention relates to incandescent lamps one end with the exhausted bulb and sealed of that type wherein an incandescent filament at the other. 6o

ro forming part of a continuous conductor is C is a body of mercury in saidbent tube sealed in an exhausted, or substantially eX- making contact with one side of the circuit, hausted, glass globe, tube, or bulb. `as indicated at D, under all conditions of the Theobject of my invention is to provide a lamp. The sealed end of the glass tube makes simple and effective means for cutting out suitable connections with the other side of 65 15 such a lamp from the working circuit on which the circuit, as indicated at E. Under normal it may be placed in case the vacuum in the conditions the mercury standing at equal lamp is destroyed either by the breaking of height in either leg of the bent tube makes the globe and the admission ofair thereto or contact only with one side of the circuit. by thegeneration of vapors within the lampl When, for any reason, however, the tension 7o 2o by the arc formed on the rupture of the la- Within the glass globe is increased, as by the ment. breaking of the globe and the admission of To this end my invention consists in utilizair thereto or the generation of a gas therein, q ing the abnormal pressure within the lamp, the mercury is forced up toward the sealed due to the admission of air or the generation end of the tube, thereby closing contact with 75.

25 of a gas therein, to close a short-circuiting dethe opposite side of the circuit and short-cirvice around the lamp. This abnormal presscuiting the lamp. ure, due to either of the causes above men- The bent-tube maybe located entirely withtioned, may be brought to bear upon any suitin the globe, as indicated in Fig. 1, or it; may able device-such as a diaphragm, a body of be located outside the globe, as indicated in 8o 3o liquid, or other equivalent device-Which is Figs. 2, 3, Ll, 5, 6, and 7, the only condition to held suspended iu a state of equilibrium unbe observed being that one end of the tube der normal conditions of the lamp, and which shall communicate with the exhausted globe is actuated by the abnormal pressure within and the other end be sealed and contain a the lamp to close a short-circuiting contact. vacuum between the sealed end and the mer- 85 3 5 The device last mentioned I shall term for the cury or a pressure substantially equal to the purpose of this specification a manometric pressure Within the globe of the lamp under circuit-closer. normal conditions.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a The form of lamp shown in Figs. 1, 2, and part of this speciiication, I have illustrated 3 can only be used in connectionwith an up- 9o 4o two Ways in which my invention maybe carright lamp, as the mercury would escape if ried into eifect. the lamp was overturned.

Figure 1 illustrates a lamp embodying my By providing the mercury-tube, however, invention with the cut-out located entirely with a double bend, as indicated in Figs. 4c, 5, Within the lamp. Fig. 2 illustrates a lamp 6, and 7, the position of the lamp may be 95 45 embodying myinvention with the cut-out loreadily reversed, as will be apparentfrom incated outside of the lamp. Fig. 3 is the same spection of the figures, in which Figs. 4 and 5 as Fig. 2 with the short-crcuiting contact show the lamp in an inverted position, Figs. closed. Figs. et, 5, 6, and 7 illustrate a modi- 6 and 7 in an upright position, the contact fication of myinvention. Fig. 8 illustratesa being openinFigs4and6 and closed in Figs. roo 5o further modification. 5 and 7.

In the drawings, A indicates a glass globe In Fig. S I have illustrated that modification of my invention which involves the use Qf a diaphragm in place of a liquid column. The diapl'n'agmindicated at W may be of .any desired material, placed over an opening to a space communicating with the space within the lamp. The diaphragm is normally kept depressed or sunken by the weight of the outside atmosphere; but upon admission of Y air to the lamp the diaphragm moves outwardly, so that a shunting-contact carried by it Will establish a shunt connection, as shown by making contact With a spring V72.

It will be understood that the glass globe of the lamp is so far exhausted of air that the expansion of the same will not serve to actuate the manometric circuitecloser, Which is designed to be actuated only by the ad mission of air upon the breaking of the globe or the generation of vapor of high tension Within the lamp.

I am aware of the patents to Edison, Nos. 214,637, 218,866, and 227,227, and make no claim to anything therein shown or described.

What I claim as my invention is- 1. The combination, with an incandescent lamp having an exhausted or substantially exhausted globe, of a normally open shunt,

around the same and a manometric circuitcloser normally communicating With the exhausted space and positively actuated by the pressure of air admitted to the lamp or gas generated therein to close and maintain closed said shunt, substantially as specified.

2. The combination, with an incandescent i closer consisting of a suspended body of liquid communicating with said globe and actuated by the admission of air to the globe or the generation of gas therein to close a shuntin'g contact around the lamp.

4. The combination, With an incandescent lamp having an exhausted or substantially exhausted globe, of a manometri@ circuit-closer consisting of a suspended body of conducting liquid communicating With said globe and normally in contact With one side of the circuit and adapted to be forced into contact With the other side of the circuit on the destruction of the vacuum Within the lamp.

Signed at Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State ot Connecticut, this 17th day of` June, A.'D. 1887.

HERMANN LEMP.

Witnesses:

R. E. DUNsToN, UHAs. E. DUs'rIN. 

